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NMEA Checksums

 
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mbradley



Joined: 11 Jul 2009
Posts: 118
Location: California, USA

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NMEA Checksums
PostPosted: Sun Jan 17, 2010 5:43 pm     Reply with quote

I have wrapped a project up, and thought I would share a piece of it for everyone to use.

This is for dealing with the hex checksum in GPS messages. It will allow you to validate the string, as well as generate a checksum if you are outputing messages as well.

Code:

/*
          file: nmea_chk.c
       project: open functions
   description: NMEA checksum validate and generate
      compiler: CCS C
   written by : Michael Bradley


  2 Functions:
  ------------------------------------------------------
  nmea_validateChecksum(char *strPtr);
    pass a string to validate data against checksum
    returns either TRUE (1) or FALSE (0)

  nmea_generateChecksum(char *strPtr);
    pass a complete user generated string that does not contain '*xx'
    returns binary byte that is the checksum, you must convert to hex.

   simple way to print it out:
   int8 chk;
   chk = nmea_generateChecksum(origString);
   printf("%s*%2X\r\n",origString,chk);

*/



// this takes a nmea gps string, and validates it againts the checksum
// at the end if the string. (requires first byte to be $)
int8 nmea_validateChecksum(char *strPtr)
{
   int p;
   char c;
   unsigned int8 chksum;
   unsigned int8 nmeaChk;
   int8 flagValid;
   char hx[5] = "0x00";

   flagValid = TRUE; // we start true, and make it false if things are not right

   if (strPtr[0] != '$' ) { flagValid = FALSE; }

   // if we are still good, test all bytes
   if (flagValid == TRUE)
     {
     c = strPtr[1]; // get first chr
     chksum = c;
     p = 2;
     while ( ( c != '*' ) && ( p < SERIAL_STR_SIZE ) )
       {
       c = strPtr[p]; // get next chr
       if ( c != '*' ) { chksum = chksum ^ c; }
       p++;
       }
     // at this point we are either at * or at end of string
     hx[2] = strPtr[p];
     hx[3] = strPtr[p+1];
     hx[4] = 0x00;
     nmeaChk = atoi(hx);
     if ( chksum != nmeaChk ) { flagValid = FALSE; }
     }

   return flagValid;
}


// this returns a single binary byte that is the checksum
// you must convert it to hex if you are going to print it or send it
unsigned int8 nmea_generateChecksum(char *strPtr)
{
   int p;
   char c;
   unsigned int8 chksum;

   c = strPtr[0]; // get first chr
   chksum = c;
   p = 1;
   while ( c != 0x00 )
     {
     c = strPtr[p]; // get next chr
     if ( c != 0x00 ) { chksum = chksum ^ c; }
     p++;
     }

   return chksum;
}


_________________
Michael Bradley
www.mculabs.com
Open Drivers and Projects
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